Android Paging Library

Welcome to implementing pagination using paging library. In this post, I’m going to discuss what is the paging library used for? How does it work? what are the advantages? and will learn implementation step of android paging library. So let’s get started

Introduction

What is paging and What is need of paging library. As you see in figure on right side represents a RecyclerView. Paging does, meaning the loading data for list is piecemeal. Basically, loading 3 items at a time in this image. We could load 10 at a time or 50 at a time. If you load all 1000 items once it will be very slow and smash the user experience.

Android paging library makes it easy to load data gradually and gracefully within our app’s RecyclerView. It helps in loading and displaying data efficiently in chunks.

In this diagram, File have to be data source and from the data source you can do anythings such as call web API or database call, we can do anythings to get data. From that we get the PagedList after that creates page list adapter, which than populate our RecyclerView

Advantages of Paging Library

• Paging library data request consumes less network bandwidth and fewer system resources. So the user needed a small data plan will appreciate a data conscious app .
• App gives quick response even during the data update and refresh and also continue to respond quickly to the user input.

Technology Used

Following technology, we are using in this android app tutorials. Prerequisites are, you have to knowledge of below android component.

• Android Data Binding – allows us to bind the UI components in the layout to data resources 
• ViewModel – It can hold value belong to the activity.
• LiveData – is a lifecycle-aware data holder with the observer pattern.
• Retrofit – Retrofit is mostly used for library networking in Android
• Android Paging Library – I will explain in this tutorial
• Android Studio 3.0 or later – You need minimum Android Studio version 3.0 or later

Step to implement Android Paging Library

• Project Creation & Set Up
• Create Models
• Set Up Retrofit Client
• Create a Data Source
• Create a DataSource Factory
• Setup ViewModel
• Create a PagedListAdapter
• Add Paging Stuff in MainActivity
• Conclusion   

1. Project Creation & Set Up

Let’s move to Android Studio and create a Java/Kotlin android project. After project creation, You have to add certain dependencies for this android app tutorial.

1.1 Let’s open the app level gradle file and add below dependencies

Using Paging, first of all, we need to add paging library dependency in gradle. Apart from this you need to some more dependencies such as LiveData, Retrofit etc.

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'

apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'

apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 29
    buildToolsVersion "29.0.0"
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.paginglibrary"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 29
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

def paging_version = "1.0.1"
def glide_version = "4.9.0"
def constraint_version = "1.1.3"
def retrofit_version = "2.4.0"
def appcompat_version = "1.1.0"

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.1.0'
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
    implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:$appcompat_version"
    implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:$constraint_version"
    implementation "com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:$glide_version"

    // paging library
    implementation "android.arch.paging:runtime:$paging_version"

    // retrofit
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:$retrofit_version"
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.4.0'

    // Logging
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.14.2'

    implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0-beta04'
    implementation 'androidx.cardview:cardview:1.0.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0-alpha10'

    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
    implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.1.0'

}

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
  compileSdkVersion 29
  buildToolsVersion "29.0.0"
  defaultConfig {
    applicationId "com.example.paginglibrary"
    minSdkVersion 15
    targetSdkVersion 29
    versionCode 1
    versionName "1.0"
    testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
  }
  buildTypes {
    release {
      minifyEnabled false
      proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
    }
  }
  compileOptions {
    sourceCompatibility 1.8
    targetCompatibility 1.8
  }
}

def paging_version = "1.0.1"
def glide_version = "4.9.0"
def constraint_version = "1.1.3"
def retrofit_version = "2.4.0"
def appcompat_version = "1.1.0"

dependencies {
  implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
  implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
  implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'

  implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:$appcompat_version"
  implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:$constraint_version"
  implementation "com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:$glide_version"

  // paging library
  implementation "android.arch.paging:runtime:$paging_version"

  // retrofit
  implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:$retrofit_version"
  implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.4.0'

  // Logging
  implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.14.2'

  implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0-beta04'
  implementation 'androidx.cardview:cardview:1.0.0'
  implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0-alpha10'

  testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
  androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.2.0'
  androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
  implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.1.0'
}

1.2 Add Internet Permission

In this android app tutorial we fetch data from server, so let’s add INTERNET uses permission in AndroidManifest.

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

2. Let’s create a model class

In this tutorial, we get data from server. The JSON model is below

{
  "page": 1,
  "per_page": 6,
  "total": 12,
  "total_pages": 2,
  "data": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "email": "george.bluth@reqres.in",
      "first_name": "George",
      "last_name": "Bluth",
      "avatar": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/uifaces/faces/twitter/calebogden/128.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "email": "janet.weaver@reqres.in",
      "first_name": "Janet",
      "last_name": "Weaver",
      "avatar": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/uifaces/faces/twitter/josephstein/128.jpg"
    }
  ]
}

2. Let’s create a model class for parsing JSON payload

I’m creating a models class one for upper JSON object second for inner data JSON object. Let’s creates a class for an upper model class named is UserResponse.

package com.example.paginglibrary.model

import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName

class User {

    @field:SerializedName("avatar")
    var avatar: String? = null
    @field:SerializedName("email")
    var email: String? = null
    @field:SerializedName("first_name")
    var firstName: String? = null
    @field:SerializedName("id")
    var id: Long? = null
    @field:SerializedName("last_name")
    var lastName: String? = null
}

class UserResponse {

    @field:SerializedName("data")
    var users: List<User>? = null
    @field:SerializedName("page")
    var page: Int = 0
    @field:SerializedName("per_page")
    var perPage: Long = 0
    @field:SerializedName("total")
    var total: Long = 0
    @field:SerializedName("total_pages")
    var totalPages: Int = 0

}

package com.example.paginglibrary.model;

import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
import java.util.List;

public class UserResponse {

  @SerializedName("data")
  private List<User> users;
  @SerializedName("page")
  private Long page;
  @SerializedName("per_page")
  private Long perPage;
  @SerializedName("total")
  private Long total;
  @SerializedName("total_pages")
  private Long totalPages;

  public List<User> getUsers() {
    return users;
  }

  public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
    this.users = users;
  }

  public Long getPage() {
    return page;
  }

  public void setPage(Long page) {
    this.page = page;
  }

  public Long getPerPage() {
    return perPage;
  }

  public void setPerPage(Long perPage) {
    this.perPage = perPage;
  }

  public Long getTotal() {
    return total;
  }

  public void setTotal(Long total) {
    this.total = total;
  }

  public Long getTotalPages() {
    return totalPages;
  }

  public void setTotalPages(Long totalPages) {
    this.totalPages = totalPages;
  }
}
// User class 

package com.example.paginglibrary.model;

import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;

public class User {

  @SerializedName("avatar")
  private String avatar;
  @SerializedName("email")
  private String email;
  @SerializedName("first_name")
  private String firstName;
  @SerializedName("id")
  private Long id;
  @SerializedName("last_name")
  private String lastName;

  public String getAvatar() {
    return avatar;
  }

  public void setAvatar(String avatar) {
    this.avatar = avatar;
  }

  public String getEmail() {
    return email;
  }

  public void setEmail(String email) {
    this.email = email;
  }

  public String getFirstName() {
    return firstName;
  }

  public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
    this.firstName = firstName;
  }

  public Long getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getLastName() {
    return lastName;
  }

  public void setLastName(String lastName) {
    this.lastName = lastName;
  }
}

3. Set Up Retrofit Client

As you know retrofit is most commonly used network services in android. We have to set up retrofit client for this app also. Let’s go ahead

3.1 Retrofit Interface

This should be pretty self-explanatory. We are creating service interface named is RestApiService and expose get request methods.

package com.example.paginglibrary.network

import com.example.paginglibrary.model.UserResponse
import retrofit2.Call
import retrofit2.http.GET
import retrofit2.http.Query

/**
 * Created by Morris on 03,June,2019
 */
interface ApiService {

    @GET("users")
    fun getUsers(@Query("page") page: Int): Call<UserResponse>
}

package com.example.paginglibrary.network;

import com.example.paginglibrary.model.UserResponse;
import retrofit2.Call;
import retrofit2.http.GET;
import retrofit2.http.Query;

public interface ApiService {
  @GET("users")
  Call<UserResponse> getUsers(@Query("page") long page);
}

3.2 Retrofit Service Builder

Your interface is ready to use, let’s create a web service builder class. To do that create a class named is ApiServiceBuilder.

package com.example.paginglibrary.network

import okhttp3.OkHttpClient
import okhttp3.logging.HttpLoggingInterceptor
import retrofit2.Retrofit
import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory

object ApiServiceBuilder {

    // Base URL
    private const val URL = "https://reqres.in/api/"

    // Create Logger
    private val logger = HttpLoggingInterceptor().setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY)

    // Create OkHttp Client
    private val okHttp = OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .addInterceptor(logger)

    // Create Retrofit Builder
    private val builder = Retrofit.Builder()
        .baseUrl(URL)
        .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
        .client(okHttp.build())

    // Create Retrofit Instance
    private val retrofit = builder.build()

    fun <T> buildService(serviceType: Class<T>): T {
        return retrofit.create(serviceType)
    }
}

package com.example.paginglibrary.network;

import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.logging.HttpLoggingInterceptor;
import retrofit2.Retrofit;
import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;

public class ApiServiceBuilder {
  // Base URL
  private static final String URL = "https://reqres.in/api/";

  // Create Logger
  private static HttpLoggingInterceptor logger =
      new HttpLoggingInterceptor().setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);

  // Create OkHttp Client
  private static OkHttpClient.Builder okHttp = new OkHttpClient.Builder().addInterceptor(logger);

  // Create Retrofit Builder
  private static Retrofit.Builder builder = new Retrofit.Builder()
      .baseUrl(URL)
      .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
      .client(okHttp.build());

  // Create Retrofit Instance
  private static Retrofit retrofit = builder.build();

  public static <T> T buildService(Class<T> type) {
    return retrofit.create(type);
  }
}

4. Create a Data Source

Data Source is an Incremental data loader for page-keyed content, where requests return keys for next/previous pages. Implement a DataSource using PageKeyedDataSource if you need to use data from page {@code N – 1} to load page {@code N}. This is common, for example, in network APIs that include a next/previous link or key with each page load. In paging library the data source class act as a repository.

In data source, we have to override 3 methods.

• loadInitial – It loads the first page of your data that use to initialize RecyclerView
• loadBefore – it used when to scroll up
• loadAfter – is called when natural scroll down

That is essential needed for a paged key DataSource

package com.example.paginglibrary.model

import androidx.paging.PageKeyedDataSource
import com.example.paginglibrary.network.ApiService
import com.example.paginglibrary.network.ApiServiceBuilder
import retrofit2.Call
import retrofit2.Callback
import retrofit2.Response

/**
 * Created by Morris on 03,June,2019
 */
class UserDataSource : PageKeyedDataSource<Int, User>() {

  override fun loadBefore(params: LoadParams<Int>, callback: LoadCallback<Int, User>) {
    val service = ApiServiceBuilder.buildService(ApiService::class.java)
    val call = service.getUsers(params.key)

    call.enqueue(object : Callback<UserResponse> {

      override fun onResponse(call: Call<UserResponse>, response: Response<UserResponse>) {

        if (response.isSuccessful) {
          val apiResponse = response.body()!!
          val responseItems = apiResponse.users
          val key = if (params.key > 1) params.key - 1 else 0
          responseItems?.let {
            callback.onResult(responseItems, key)
          }
        }
      }

      override fun onFailure(call: Call<UserResponse>, t: Throwable) {
      }
    })
  }

  override fun loadInitial(params: LoadInitialParams<Int>, callback: LoadInitialCallback<Int, User>) {

    val service = ApiServiceBuilder.buildService(ApiService::class.java)
    val call = service.getUsers(FIRST_PAGE)
    call.enqueue(object : Callback<UserResponse> {

      override fun onResponse(call: Call<UserResponse>, response: Response<UserResponse>) {
        if (response.isSuccessful) {
          val apiResponse = response.body()!!
          val responseItems = apiResponse.users

          responseItems?.let {
            callback.onResult(responseItems, null, FIRST_PAGE + 1)
          }
        }
      }

      override fun onFailure(call: Call<UserResponse>, t: Throwable) {
      }
    })

  }

  override fun loadAfter(params: LoadParams<Int>, callback: LoadCallback<Int, User>) {
    val service = ApiServiceBuilder.buildService(ApiService::class.java)
    val call = service.getUsers(params.key)
    call.enqueue(object : Callback<UserResponse> {

      override fun onResponse(call: Call<UserResponse>, response: Response<UserResponse>) {
        if (response.isSuccessful) {
          val apiResponse = response.body()!!
          val responseItems = apiResponse.users
          val key = params.key + 1
          responseItems?.let {
            callback.onResult(responseItems, key)

          }
        }
      }

      override fun onFailure(call: Call<UserResponse>, t: Throwable) {
      }
    })

  }

  companion object {
    const val PAGE_SIZE = 6
    const val FIRST_PAGE = 1
  }

}

package com.example.paginglibrary.model;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.paging.PageKeyedDataSource;
import com.example.paginglibrary.network.ApiService;
import com.example.paginglibrary.network.ApiServiceBuilder;
import java.util.List;
import retrofit2.Call;
import retrofit2.Callback;
import retrofit2.Response;

/**
 * Created by Morris on 03,June,2019
 */
public class UserDataSource extends PageKeyedDataSource<Long, User> {
  public static int PAGE_SIZE = 6;
  public static long FIRST_PAGE = 1;

  @Override public void loadInitial(@NonNull final LoadInitialParams<Long> params,
      @NonNull final LoadInitialCallback<Long, User> callback) {
    ApiService service = ApiServiceBuilder.buildService(ApiService.class);
    Call<UserResponse> call = service.getUsers(FIRST_PAGE);

    call.enqueue(new Callback<UserResponse>() {
      @Override public void onResponse(Call<UserResponse> call, Response<UserResponse> response) {
        UserResponse apiResponse = response.body();
        if (apiResponse != null) {
          List<User> responseItems = apiResponse.getUsers();
          callback.onResult(responseItems, null, FIRST_PAGE + 1);
        }  
      }

      @Override public void onFailure(Call<UserResponse> call, Throwable t) {

      }
    });
  }

  @Override
  public void loadBefore(@NonNull final LoadParams<Long> params,
      @NonNull final LoadCallback<Long, User> callback) {
    ApiService apiService = ApiServiceBuilder.buildService(ApiService.class);
    Call<UserResponse> call = apiService.getUsers(params.key);
    call.enqueue(new Callback<UserResponse>() {
      @Override public void onResponse(Call<UserResponse> call, Response<UserResponse> response) {
        UserResponse apiResponse = response.body();
        if (apiResponse != null) {
          List<User> responseItems = apiResponse.getUsers();
          long key;
          if (params.key > 1) {
            key = params.key - 1;
          } else {
            key = 0;
          }
          callback.onResult(responseItems, key);
        }
      }

      @Override public void onFailure(Call<UserResponse> call, Throwable t) {

      }
    });
  }

  @Override
  public void loadAfter(@NonNull final LoadParams<Long> params,
      @NonNull final LoadCallback<Long, User> callback) {
    ApiService service = ApiServiceBuilder.buildService(ApiService.class);
    Call<UserResponse> call = service.getUsers(params.key);
    call.enqueue(new Callback<UserResponse>() {
      @Override public void onResponse(Call<UserResponse> call, Response<UserResponse> response) {
        UserResponse apiResponse = response.body();
        if (apiResponse != null) {
          List<User> responseItems = apiResponse.getUsers();
          callback.onResult(responseItems, params.key + 1);
        }
      }

      @Override public void onFailure(Call<UserResponse> call, Throwable t) {

      }
    });
  }
}

5. Create a DataSource.Factory

Using Data Source we need DataSource.Factory which extends DataSource.Factory. Basically it just a factory for DataSources. So first create an instance of data source so that we can use it in our RecyclerView.

package com.example.paginglibrary.model


import androidx.lifecycle.MutableLiveData
import androidx.paging.DataSource

/**
 * Created by Morris on 03,June,2019
 */
class UserDataSourceFactory : DataSource.Factory<Int, User>() {

     val userLiveDataSource = MutableLiveData<UserDataSource>()

    override fun create(): DataSource<Int, User> {
        val userDataSource = UserDataSource()
        userLiveDataSource.postValue(userDataSource)
        return userDataSource
    }
}

package com.example.paginglibrary.model;

import androidx.lifecycle.MutableLiveData;
import androidx.paging.DataSource;

/**
 * Created by Morris on 03,June,2019
 */
public class UserDataSourceFactory extends DataSource.Factory<Long, User> {

  public MutableLiveData<UserDataSource> userLiveDataSource=new MutableLiveData<>();

  @Override public DataSource<Long, User> create() {
    UserDataSource userDataSource = new UserDataSource();
    userLiveDataSource.postValue(userDataSource);
    return userDataSource;
  }
}

As you see here only one method that we override method name is create(). However, we need to create a second function here called getMutableLiveData(), which give us back LiveData object.

6. Setup ViewModel

Let’s see the below ViewModel class here’ LivePagedListBuilder<Long, User> ‘ LivePagedListBuilder<Long, User> first argument is page number and is data object.

package com.example.paginglibrary.viewmodel

import androidx.lifecycle.LiveData
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
import androidx.paging.LivePagedListBuilder
import androidx.paging.PagedList
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.User
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.UserDataSource
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.UserDataSourceFactory

/**
 * Created by Morris on 03,June,2019
 */
class UserViewModel : ViewModel() {

    var userPagedList: LiveData<PagedList<User>>
    private var liveDataSource: LiveData<UserDataSource>

    init {
        val itemDataSourceFactory = UserDataSourceFactory()
        liveDataSource = itemDataSourceFactory.userLiveDataSource

        val config = PagedList.Config.Builder()
            .setEnablePlaceholders(false)
            .setPageSize(UserDataSource.PAGE_SIZE)
            .build()

        userPagedList = LivePagedListBuilder(itemDataSourceFactory, config)
            .build()
    }
}

package com.example.paginglibrary.viewmodel;

import androidx.lifecycle.LiveData;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel;
import androidx.paging.LivePagedListBuilder;
import androidx.paging.PagedList;
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.User;
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.UserDataSource;
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.UserDataSourceFactory;

public class UserViewModel extends ViewModel {

  public LiveData<PagedList<User>> userPagedList;

  private LiveData<UserDataSource> liveDataSource;

  public UserViewModel() {
    init();
  }

  private void init() {
    UserDataSourceFactory itemDataSourceFactory = new UserDataSourceFactory();
    liveDataSource = itemDataSourceFactory.userLiveDataSource;
    PagedList.Config config = new PagedList.Config.Builder()
        .setEnablePlaceholders(false)
        .setPageSize(UserDataSource.PAGE_SIZE)
        .build();
    userPagedList = new LivePagedListBuilder<>(itemDataSourceFactory, config).build();
  }
}

7. Set up PagedListAdapter

Now we have data ready to load in page by page fashion. We need to create an adapter that accepts this data. In meanwhile do that we need to implement PagedListAdapter. You see this internally extends RecyclerView.Adapter. Basically, PagedListAdapter is a RecyclerView adapter the load’s data into the views piece by piece or page by page. Let’s do that

7.1 Create layout for list item

Simply, create a layout for list item which includes ImageView and two TextView like below

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.cardview.widget.CardView
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:bind="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:card_view="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="5dp"
    android:elevation="3dp"
    card_view:cardCornerRadius="1dp"
    tools:ignore="UnusedAttribute"
    >
  <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      >
    <androidx.appcompat.widget.AppCompatImageView
        android:id="@+id/user_avatar"
        android:layout_width="120dp"
        android:layout_height="120dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:background="?attr/selectableItemBackgroundBorderless"
        android:scaleType="fitXY"
        bind:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        bind:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        bind:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        />

    <androidx.appcompat.widget.AppCompatTextView
        android:id="@+id/user_name"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/user_avatar"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:padding="4dp"
        android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        bind:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        bind:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/user_avatar"
        bind:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        tools:text="Morris"
        />
    <androidx.appcompat.widget.AppCompatTextView
        android:id="@+id/user_email"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/user_name"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="4dp"
        android:padding="4dp"
        android:textColor="@color/colorAccent"
        android:textSize="16sp"
        bind:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        bind:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/user_avatar"
        bind:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/user_name"
        tools:text="morris@gmail.com"
        />

  </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

</androidx.cardview.widget.CardView>

7.2 Furthermore, create PagedListAdapter

Now I’m creating PagedListAdapter that present data from a PagedList. Basically, It is responsible for presenting data loaded by PagedList and It’s the Implementation of the RecyclerView.Adapter.

package com.example.paginglibrary.ui

import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.View
import android.view.ViewGroup
import androidx.paging.PagedListAdapter
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.DiffUtil
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
import com.bumptech.glide.Glide
import com.example.paginglibrary.R
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.User
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.user_list_item.view.*

class UserAdapter : PagedListAdapter<User, UserAdapter.UserViewHolder>(USER_COMPARATOR) {

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): UserViewHolder {
        val view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context)
                                 .inflate(R.layout.user_list_item, parent, false)
        return UserViewHolder(view)
    }

    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: UserViewHolder, position: Int) {
        val user = getItem(position)
        user?.let { holder.bind(it) }
    }

    class UserViewHolder(view: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(view) {
        private val imageView = view.user_avatar
        private val userName = view.user_name
        private val userEmail = view.user_email

        fun bind(user: User) {
            userName.text = user.firstName + " " + user.lastName
            userEmail.text = user.email
            Glide.with(imageView.context)
                .load(user.avatar)
                .placeholder(R.drawable.loading)
                .into(imageView);

        }

    }

    companion object {
        private val USER_COMPARATOR = object : DiffUtil.ItemCallback<User>() {
            override fun areItemsTheSame(oldItem: User, newItem: User): Boolean =
                oldItem.id == newItem.id


            override fun areContentsTheSame(oldItem: User, newItem: User): Boolean =
                newItem == oldItem
        }
    }
}

package com.example.paginglibrary.ui;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.paging.PagedListAdapter;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.DiffUtil;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import com.bumptech.glide.Glide;
import com.example.paginglibrary.R;
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.User;

public class UserAdapter extends PagedListAdapter<User, UserAdapter.UserViewHolder> {

  public UserAdapter() {
    super(USER_COMPARATOR);
  }

  @NonNull
  @Override
  public UserViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
        .inflate(R.layout.user_list_item, parent, false);
    return new UserViewHolder(view);
  }

  @Override
  public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull UserViewHolder holder, int position) {
    holder.bind(getItem(position));
  }

  public class UserViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
    private TextView userName;
    private TextView userEmail;
    private ImageView userPic;

    UserViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
      super(itemView);
      userName = itemView.findViewById(R.id.user_name);
      userEmail = itemView.findViewById(R.id.user_email);
      userPic = itemView.findViewById(R.id.user_avatar);
    }

    void bind(User user) {
      if (user.getFirstName() != null && user.getLastName() != null) {
        userName.setText(String.format("%s %s", user.getFirstName(), user.getLastName()));
      }
      if (user.getEmail() != null) {
        userEmail.setText(user.getEmail());
      }
      Glide.with(itemView.getContext())
          .load(user.getAvatar())
          .placeholder(R.drawable.loading)
          .into(userPic);
    }
  }

  private static final DiffUtil.ItemCallback<User> USER_COMPARATOR = new DiffUtil.ItemCallback<User>() {
    @Override public boolean areItemsTheSame(@NonNull User oldItem, @NonNull User newItem) {
      return oldItem.getId() == newItem.getId();
    }

    @SuppressLint("DiffUtilEquals")
    @Override public boolean areContentsTheSame(@NonNull User oldItem, @NonNull User newItem) {
      return oldItem == newItem;
    }
  };
}

8. Add Paging Stuff in MainActivity

So all paging related stuff is ready to use, In MainActivity bind views using data binding. After that, we need to set data over RecyclerView. let’s do that

8.1 Add RecyclerView main activity layout file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:padding="4dp"
    tools:showIn="@layout/activity_main"
    >

  <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
      android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
      android:layout_width="0dp"
      android:layout_height="0dp"
      android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
      android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
      android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
      android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
      android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
      android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
      android:clipToPadding="false"
      android:scrollbars="vertical"
      app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
      app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
      app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
      app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
      />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

8.2 Open the activity and bind the layout item

In Activity file, we simply did bind the XML view to activity file. After that we are observing PagedList and finally updating the adapter

package com.example.paginglibrary.ui

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.lifecycle.Observer
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager
import com.example.paginglibrary.R
import com.example.paginglibrary.viewmodel.UserViewModel
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        val adapter = UserAdapter()
        recyclerView.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this)

        val itemViewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this)
            .get(UserViewModel::class.java)

        itemViewModel.userPagedList.observe(this, Observer {
            adapter.submitList(it)
        })

        recyclerView.adapter = adapter
    }

}

package com.example.paginglibrary.ui;

import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.lifecycle.Observer;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;
import androidx.paging.PagedList;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import com.example.paginglibrary.R;
import com.example.paginglibrary.model.User;
import com.example.paginglibrary.viewmodel.UserViewModel;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
  RecyclerView recyclerView;

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);

    final UserAdapter adapter = new UserAdapter();
    recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));

    UserViewModel itemViewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel.class);

    itemViewModel.userPagedList.observe(this, new Observer<PagedList<User>>() {
      @Override public void onChanged(PagedList<User> users) {
        adapter.submitList(users);
      }
    });
    recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
  }
}

Conclusion

In this android app tutorial, We have learned implementation of the paging library. I hope it’s helpful for you, then help me by sharing this post with all your friends who learning android app development.

Get Solution Code

If you have any queries please put your comment below. If you looking to integrate the implementation of the paging library in your android project, Feel free to content us

Read our android architecture components tutorials series

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